Helpful
Hints in Researching Tolna County
by Henry A. Fischer
Alsónána
This
community was settled by German Lutherans from Hesse most of whom had settled
previously in other communities in Tolna County. The earliest records associated
with the families of this community can be found in the Roman Catholic Church
Records in Batászék, Tolna County as early as 1762. There were also several
Reformed families living in the village that are included in those records. That
is also true of the Lutheran Church Records in Alsónána that begin in 1783
following the Edict of Toleration when the Lutherans were no longer under the
jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic priest in Batászék. The Lutheran
birth/baptismal records also include entries related to families in Zsibrik,
Szálka, and Batászék. The marriage register includes inter-marriages with
families from Kaposszekcsö, Kismányok, Bonyhád, Majós, Hidás, Mekényes, Bátaapáti,
Börzsóny, Mórágy, Nádasd, Glasshüte, Ecsény, Csikostöttös, Györköny, Rác Kozar,
Mucsfa, Izmény and Magyar Bóly.
Bátaapáti
(Commonly called: Apáti)
References to
the Lutheran families who settled here prior to 1730 can be found in various other
parishes in the vicinity, especially in the Lutheran Church Records in Kismányok
prior to the Edict of Toleration. They were officially placed under the
jurisdiction of neighbouring Roman Catholic parishes but many of them sought out
the closest Lutheran Churches that were permitted to function at that time. In
1770 the congregation organized secretly and had their own resident Levite Lehrer
who taught in the school and led worship as a lay preacher. He began the
baptismal records in 1770 but was not permitted to marry or bury officially. The
marriage records begin in 1784 and the death register was opened in 1783. In
addition to births/baptisms from the local community there are also entries for
Lutheran families in Zsibrik, Alsónána, Balatinc, Mórágy, Domonac, Glasshüte,
Cikó, Börzsóny, Szálka, and Ófalu.
The marriage records indicate intermarriages with families in Bonyhád, Kalaznó,
Bikal, Hidas, Kismányok, Batászék, Kéty, Kistormás, Kölesd, Tékes, Varsád,
Kaposszekcsö, Rác Kozar, Tabód, Mucsfa, Majós, Mekényes, Zsombeck, Nagyszekély,
Tófü, Magyar Bóly, Paks, Hájmas, Ivan Darde, Magocs as well as those mentioned
above previously.
Batászék
This ethnic German Roman Catholic parish was established in 1722 but it also
served some neighbouring communities including the baptisms of some Lutheran and
Reformed families in Tabód, Mórágy, Vardomb, Alsónána, Kovácsi, Tevél, Bonyhád,
Dalmánd, and Kölesd.
There was also
intermarriage with families in Egres, Cikó, Szakadát, Nádasd, Hidas, Tolna, and
Baja.
Bikács
This village was settled
as early as 1720 by Heidebauern from Western Hungary in Moson County and were
closely related to the Lutheran congregation in Györköny where many of their
baptisms and marriages are listed as well as in the Roman Catholic parish records
in Paks. The congregation was placed under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic
priest in Kajdács but many sought out the Lutheran pastors in the area. In 1761
the congregation was allowed to have a Levite Lehrer who began the baptismal/birth
records in that year. When the congregation legal status under the terms of the
Edict of Toleration came into effect families in other communities had their
children baptized here as well from: Szent Ivan, Vájta, Cece, Kajdács, Szent
Miklos, Dorog, Györe, Sárszentlörinc, Györköny and Somodor.
The marriage register
begins in 1763 and includes families intermarrying from: Györköny, Szent Miklos,
Harta, Dorog, Felsö Nána, Bogárdi, Kölesd, Pálfa, Izmény, Gyönk, Varsád, Batászék,
Szent Ivan, Paks, Kajdács, Tapi, Lajos Komárom, Némedi, Rác Almas, Somogydöröcske,
Kér, Kistormás, Rác Kozar, Kisszekély, Pandi, Duna Földvar, Bonyhád, Nagyszekély,
Sárszentlörinc, Tengelec and Vajta.
Bonyhád
The community was first settled by Hungarian Reformed settlers, who were followed
by ethnic German Roman Catholic families and shortly thereafter by ethnic German
Lutherans primarily from Hesse. A Roman Catholic parish was established in 1729
and all three groups were placed under its jurisdiction although both of the other
two groups would often seek to have ministerial services from churches of their
own confession in the area whenever possible. Not all of the Lutheran families in
these records are identified as Lutherans until at a later date. The Lutherans
later became a filial congregation of the Mother Lutheran Church in Majós but were
not formally allowed to organize until 1816 and would eventually become the
largest Lutheran congregation in the Tolna.
In the Roman Catholic birth/baptismal records you will find references to families
who also lived in Nádasd, Majós, Cikó, Gyönk, Tabód, Hidás, Mórágy, Kakasd,
Izmény, Kismányok, Nagymányok, Bátaapáti, Bikács, Kéty, Zomba, Szálka, Batászék,
Grabóc, Szárázd, Vejke, Mocseny, Börzsóny, Mórágy, Zsibrik, Szerdahley, and
Ladomany.
In addition in the marriage register there were also intermarriages with families
from Simontornya, Kovácsi, Kalaznó, Tófü, Szabádi, Felsö Nána, Bonnya, Mucsfa,
Gerényes, Mekényes, Hant, Hájmas, Varsád, Rác Kozar, Kistormás, Murga and Bikal.
As indicated previously the Lutheran Church Records in Bonyhad begin in 1816 and
entries for the Lutheran families living there can be found in the Roman Catholic
records as noted above or in the neighbouring Lutheran communities of Majós and
Kismányok as well as others as will be noted later. But the Mother Church here
also served Lutheran families living in other communities: Börzsóny, Szerdahely,
Tabód and Szeplák.
The families in Bonyhad also intermarried with families in Virágos, Varsád, Ófalu,
Hidas, Zsibrik, Bátaapáti, Felsö Nána, Mucsfa, Gerényes, Alsónána, Györe, Mórágy,
Kölesd, Rác Kozar, Kéty, Gyönk, Izmény, Udvári, Majós, Kismányok, Bikal, Varalja,
Kalaznó, Nagy Ág, Somogyszil, Baja, Tófü, Nagy Hájmas, Gadács, Somogyácsa, Lajos
Komárom, Magyar Boly, Mekényes, Pécs and Ecsény.
Börzsóny
A group of settlers from
the Hessian villages in the neighbourhood established themselves in this Hungarian
village and related to the Lutheran congregation in Bonyhád and entries regarding
these families can be found there as well as in some others nearby.
Felsö Nána
This community was established prior to 1730 and from its inception it was filial
of the Mother Church in Kistormás and entries related to the families can be found
there as early as 1733 because an underground Levite Lehrer was at work in the
community and those records can be found in both communities with some entries
only appearing in one set of records. There are also references to baptisms for
Lutheran families in Kistormás, Murga, and Rác Kozar. There was intermarriage
with families from Bonyhád, Varsád, Nagyszekély, Györköny, Kistormás, Majós,
Kalaznó, Mekényes, Felsö Mocsolád, Gyönk, Hidas, Murga, Szakadát, Szárázd, Kéty,
Tabód, Izmény, Bátaapáti, Bikal, Lengyel, Zomba, Kölesd, Keszö Hidegkút, Palota,
Kapoly, Mucsfa, Rác Kozar, Ladomany, Paks, Vejke, Harta, Hidas, Gerényes, Káráz,
Udvári, Némedi, Gadács, Somogydöröcske, Kismányok, Belecska, Csikostöttös, Hács,
Ecsény, Polány and Kötcse.
Gyönk
This was the earliest Lutheran community established in Tolna County in 1719
consisting of Hungarian Lutherans. They were joined later by German Lutherans who
came from Hesse, with the principle movement beginning in 1725 when families
arrived there from Cikó who had left that community to avoid conversion to Roman
Catholicism. Reformed Hungarians and Germans from Hesse were also established in
the community quite early through the efforts of the Reformed landlord who was
also a “bishop” of the Hungarian Reformed Church.
The earliest Lutheran Church Records begin in 1733 when the congregation became a
legal Mother Church. It also served filial congregations and Lutheran families
living in Keszö Hidegkut, Udvári, Szárázd and Kalaznó until the Edict of
Toleration.
They intermarried with families from Keszö Hidegkut, Kalaznó, Nagyszekély, Varsád,
Paks, Cikó, Mucsfa, Udvári, Kistormás, Bátaapáti, Szárázd, Kötcse, Mekényes, Tófü,
Felsö Nána, Bonyhád, Kajdács, Györköny, Bikal, Somogydöröcske, Kölesd, Murga,
Hidas, Sárszentlörinc, Belécska, Rác Kozar, Vejke, Kapoly, Felsö Mocsolád,
Szabádi, Izmény, Harta, Kéty, Csikostöttös, Bikács, Polány, Dalmánd, Miszla and
Somogyszil.
The Reformed Church Records that were begun in 1739 were a result of a split
between the Hungarian and German families and the congregations went their
separate ways. There was some intermarriage between the Reformed and Lutheran
families in the community, which meant that in most cases the daughters born to
the marriage followed the religion of their mother and the sons that of their
father. But that was not always the case.
There was also intermarriage with other Reformed families living in nearby
communities principally Nagyszekély, and also Kalaznó, Tófü, Varsád, Felsö Nána,
Kistormás, Mórágy, Murga, Györe, Hidas, Kéty, Szárázd, Kis Berény, Mucsfa, Udvári,
Bonyhád, Mekényes, Kapoly, Felsö Mocsolád, Somogydöröcske, Gerényes, Ecsény,
Bonnya, Paks and Belecska. There were Reformed minorities in most of the Lutheran
communities that continued in their faith but the vast majority eventually became
part of the Lutheran Church. There were, however, several large totally Reformed
communities such as Nagyszekély, Hidas, Mórágy and Felsö Mocsolád.
Györköny
The first settlers
arrived in 1719 and consisted of Hungarians and Heidebauern from Western Hungary.
Both groups were Lutheran. The Lutheran Church Records begin in 1720. These
original settlers were joined by others from the Heideboden and in the mid 1720s a
large-scale new immigration consisting of families from Hesse took place at which
time the Hungarian families moved on and established Sárszentlörinc in the
vicinity. In addition to entries for families in the village there are also
references to families living in Bikács that was also another Heidebauern
community but under the jurisdiction of local Roman Catholic priests, but some of
the families maintained a close contact with the Lutheran Church here until they
were allowed to organize their own church life after the Edict of Toleration. The
families also intermarried with families from Cikó, Vajta, Varsád, Paks, Kalaznó,
Felsö Nána, Kistormás, Lajos Komárom and Szent Miklos.
Izmény
This is one of the early
Hessian settlements in the Tolna with the first colonists arriving in the early
1720s after leaving Mucsi where they first settled among Roman Catholic settlers
from the Bishopric of Fulda. Most of the earliest references to families living
and settling here can be found in the Lutheran Church Records in Kismányok as well
as in some other neighbouring congregations. In 1773 the congregation was
successful in obtaining permission to have Levite Lehrer in the village, who
worked in conjunction with the pastor in Kismányok and at which time he began the
baptismal record. It was only after 1784 when the congregation was legally
constituted under the Edict of Toleration that a pastor was called and a marriage
and death registry were begun. In the baptismal registry there are references to
families living in Kalaznó, Mucsfa, Bonyhád, Rác Kozar, Györe, Majós, Hidas,
Szekszárd, Keszö Hidegkút, Tófü, Máza and Váralja.
There was also
intermarriage with families living in Bikal, Zsibrik, Hidas, Murga, Mekényes,
Majós, Szárázd, Rác Kozar, Varsád, Bonyhád, Kalaznó, Györe, Bátaapáti, Tófü,
Kistormás, Apár, Mucsfa, Kismányok, Kéty, Nagy Ág, Máza, Alsónána, Dalmand,
Gerényes, Váralja, Kaposszekcsö, Tarrós, Csikostöttös, Tékes, Nagy Hájmas, Lengyel
and Szabádi.
Kalaznó
This was also one of the
earliest villages established on the von Mercy estates and was a filial of Varsád
from almost the time of its inception. It did not become a Mother Church until
after the Edict of Toleration. The baptismal/birth records were kept by an
unknown Levite Lehrer that begin in 1724. These entries are duplicated in the
church records of the Lutheran Church in Varsád but on occasion a baptism may be
recorded in only one of the two sets of records. The original families in Kalaznó
originated in Upper Hesse in the vicinity of Alsfeld except for some Heidebauern.
There are few entries in the baptismal records from outside of the community
except for some families in Högyész, Kappóny, Mucsfa, Ecsény, Berény, Tevel and
Szakadát.
They intermarried with
families from Kistormás, Keszö Hidegkút, Gyönk, Varsád, Udvári, Felsö Nána,
Szárázd, Missla, Ecsény, Bikal, Bátaapáti, Mucsfa, Kéty, Dalmánd, Murga,
Somogydöröcske, Bonyhád, Kismányok, Mekényes, Gerényes, Kéty, Tékes, Gadács,
Sárszentlörinc, Högyész, Györköny, Rác Kozar, Kapoly, Máza, Belecska, Putenda,
Kötcse, Tevel, Tarrós and Nagyszekély.
Large numbers of the
families in Kalaznó migrated to Somogydöröcske and Murga.
Keszö Hidegkút
(Also known as
Hidegkut)
This was one of the early
von Mercy settlements that from its inception consisted of German Lutheran
Hessians who formed a congregation that was a filial of Gyönk but also had close
connections with Varsád, and early information with regard to the families who
lived here can be found in the church records of those two communities. The
congregation became a Mother Church in 1789 at the time of their approval of their
right to organize by the Emperor Joseph. The baptismal/birth records also include
Lutheran families living in Belecska, which became a filial congregation early in
the 19th century.
The marriage register
indicates intermarriages with families from Belecska, Udvári, Gyönk, Nagyszekély,
Bátaapáti, Kalaznó, Felsö Nána, Szárázd, Zsribrik, Varsád, Miszla, Kapoly,
Bonyhád, Némedi, Kéty, Kötcse, Varalja, Somogydöröcske, Bikal, Kistormás, Paks,
Ecsény, Gadács, Murga, Högyész, Sopron, Kölesd, Bonnya and Szabádi.
Kéty
The majority of the
original settlers had first arrived in other communities mostly on the von Mercy
estates before coming here in response to an invitation from the nobleman who
promised them not to interfere in their religious life as Lutherans. These
Hessians arrived in the mid 1740s and an “underground” Levite Lehrer served them
even though they were placed under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic priest
in Zomba where all of the earliest information on these families can be found
beginning in 1748. They also went to nearby Lutheran churches whenever possible
especially Kistormás and can also be located under some of the other communities
already listed.
The baptismal/birth
records of the Lutheran Church begin in 1786 and in addition to Lutheran families
living in the community other families in the vicinity were also served from Kéty
including: Murga, Tabód, Odan Puszta, Tevel and Dorog.
The families here also
intermarried with families from: Gyönk, Murga, Kistormás, Gerényes, Izmény,
Mucsfa, Szárázd, Bátaapáti, Kalaznó, Felsö Nána, Nagyszekély, Dorog, Tófü, Harta,
Bonyhád, Bogárd, Börzsóny, Györe, Keszö Hidegkút, Odan Puszta, Tékes, Varalja,
Belecska, Majós, Tabód, Kölesd, Györköny, Tevel, Nyoma, Zsibrik, Zomba, Alsónána,
Kismányok, Nádasd, Somogydöröcske, Bonnya, Rác Kozar, Csikostöttös, Mórágy, Hidas,
Mekényes, Gadács, Paks, Udvári and Nagy Ág.
Kismányok
This again is one of the
oldest Lutheran communities in the Tolna and for some reason no one has ever been
able to determine shy they were allowed to be a Mother Church even though the
limit of two Lutheran congregations in a County was already in place with the
establishment of the congregations in Varsád and Gyönk. The congregation would
provide cover for numerous “illegal” Lutheran congregations in the area until the
Edict of Toleration was proclaimed.
As a result the
baptismal/birth records that begin in 1728 include Lutheran families from Mucsfa,
Bonyhád, Majós, Izmény, Hidas, Cikó, Bátaapáti, Rác Kozar, Tófü, Mórágy, Mekényes,
Zsibrik, Szazd, Varalja and Nádasd.
In the marriage records
there are intermarriages with Lutheran families from Majós, Mucsfa, Hidas, Izmény,
Varsád, Bonyhád, Kistormás, Tófü, Zomba, Mórágy, Varkony, Mekényes, Gyönk,
Bátaapáti, Nagymányok, Kalaznó, Kéty, Felsö Nána, Zsibrik, Szard, Rác Kozar,
Alsónána, Medina, Tabod, Tamasi, Varalja, Sárszentlörinc, Csikostöttös, Magyar
Boly, Máza, Vasarosdombo, Szárázd, Nádasd, Nagy Ág, Högyész, Bikal, Györe,
Gerényes, Beregalja, Hájmas, Keszö Hidegkút, Szabádi, Cikó, Somogyszil, Lajos
Komárom, Tékes, Borjád, Bánfalu, Börzsóny, Kaposszekcsö, Batászék and Nagyhajmás.
Kistormás
This Lutheran
congregation also served as Mother Church due to the influence of Count von Mercy
and was established early in the 1720s. The baptismal/birth records begin in
1724. In addition to the families in the community Lutheran families in the
following communities also had their children baptized here, especially Felsö Nána
that was a filial until the Edict of Toleration. Many of the baptisms are also
recorded in their own records by a Levite Lehrer serving there illegally that
probably baptized the children. Other communities included Zomba, Varsád,
Kalaznó, Udvári, Gyönk, Kölesd, Kéty, Medina, Ödenburg, Tabód, Kapoly and
Kismányok.
The intermarried with
Lutheran families from Gyönk, Felsö Nána, Tengelic, Bonyhád, Nagyszekély, Medina,
Izmény, Mekényes, Bikal, Mucsfa, Györköny, Kölesd, Kalaznó, Zurndorf, Udvári,
Harta, Keszö Hidegkút, Varsád, Paks, Bátaapáti, Kéty, Nagy Dorog, Godre, Högyész,
Zomba, Majós, Murga, Rác Kozar, Szárázd, Kötcse, Gige, Siklos, Varalja, Borjád,
Tab, Palota, Berény, Vadkert, Tófü, Somogydöröcske, Hidas, Tarrós, Belecska and
Bikal.
Lengyel
This is one of the oldest
German Roman Catholic settlements on the Apponyi Domain. Included in these
records are entries dealing with Lutheran families living in Mekényes in Baranya
County from early in 1768 until the Edict of Toleration took effect in Mekényes in
1784. In the baptismal/birth records there is also a single reference to Rác
Kozar. The marriage records also include intermarriages of Lutheran families from
Mekényes, Rác Kozar, Zomba, Kalaznó, Kistormás, Izmény, Magocs, Hájmas, Szaras,
Felsö Mocsolád, Tófü, Nagy Ág, Tarrós, Mucsfa and Bonyhád
Magyar Bóly
Some families from Izmény
resettled here among the German Roman Catholic population and formed a filial
congregation with Izmény and were related to some other Lutheran congregations in
the area.
Majós
This settlement of German
Lutheran colonists began in the early 1720s and found itself in a very volatile
situation in terms of their religious life with their pastors and schoolmasters
being banished and exiled and re-instated over the years. Information on the
families who lived here are a crazy quilt pattern all over southern Tolna. There
are the original baptismal/birth records kept by the first pastor from 1720 to
1726 when he was banished from the County. During another period a Levite Lehrer
managed to serve here and began baptismal/birth records beginning in 1742 that
were continued by the new pastor who came after the Edict of Toleration took
effect in the community. In these records you will locate references to other
Lutheran families living in the vicinity that belonged to underground
congregations and sought the services of the pastor in Majós. They lived in
Hidas, Nagy Manyók, Kismányok, Cikó, Izmény, Mórágy, Nagyszekély, Kistormás,
Zsibrik, Bonyhád, Szerdahely, Börzsóny, Varsád, Szeplák, Hant and Györe. After
1785 Bonyhád became a filial congregation of Majós and countless births can be
found here.
In the marriage register
using the same time-frame as noted above families intermarried with others from
Kismányok, Cikó, Bonyhád, Izmény, Hidas, Mórágy, Vejke, Varsád, Nagy Manyók, Kéty,
Zsibrik, Mucsfa, Viragos, Mekényes, Bátaapáti, Kistormás, Rác Kozar, Nagyszekély,
Szerdahely, Udvári, Alsónána, Györe, Felsö Nána, Olhau, Pressburg, Grünau,
Ragendorf, Hant, Bikács, Murga, Varalja, Gyönk, Börzsóny, Tékes, Palota, Paks,
Szas, Tabód, Kalaznó, Hájmas, Nagy Ág, Gerényes, Máza, Kaposszekcsö, Csikostöttös,
Baja, Varas Domba, Tófü, Magyarbóly, Györköny, Bikal, Gadács, Ecsény, Keszö
Hidegkut and Somogydöröcske.
Mórágy
(Also known as Moratz)
This was an early Hessian
settlement made up both Lutheran and Reformed settlers, the majority of whom were
Reformed. Information on the families from the early settlement period can be
found in the Roman Catholic church records in nearby Batászék as well as in other
neighbouring Lutheran church records as indicated especially in Kismányok. The
Reformed Church records begin in 1784, the Lutherans in the community did not form
a congregation of their own and either assimilated or maintained a relationship
with a nearby Lutheran community. The birth/baptismal records beginning in 1784
include Reformed families from Alsónána and Bátaapáti. Intermarriages between the
families here and families in other communities included: Nagyszekély, Alsónána,
Bátaapáti, Bonyhád, Kismányok, Zsibrik, Hidas, Rác Kozar, Tälschenmühl, Szabádi,
Gyönk, Börzsóny, Ófalu, Izmény, Szárázd, Harta, Magyarbóly, Szekszárd,
Csikostöttös, Vejke, Borjád, Gerényes, Batátaszék, Kapoly, Hant, Varalja and Pécs.
Mucsfa
The first settlers who
arrived here were from the Odenwald and had left their homeland in the spring of
1724. This was a Lutheran community that was denied legal existence until the
Edict of Toleration but formed a filial congregation of Kismányok and the earliest
information on the families can be found in the Lutheran church records there. A
Levite Lehrer began to work here in 1742 and began the baptismal/birth records of
the congregation. In addition to the Lutheran families in Mucsfa he also provided
services to Lutheran families living in Mekényes, Izmény, Majós, Vejke, Apar, Rác
Kozar, Dalmánd and Györe.
The marriage register
began in 1784 and there were intermarriages with families living in Izmény,
Kalaznó, Rác Kozar, Kismányok, Majós, Gerényes, Bonyhád, Mekényes, Hidas,
Bátaapáti, Somogydöröcske, Varalja, Tófü, Mórágy, Vejke, Tabód, Nagy Ág, Varsád,
Dalmánd, Kistormás, Gyönk, Györe, Kéty, Csikostöttös, Hájmas, Bikal, Somogyszil,
Tékes, Kaposszekcsö, Felsö Nána, Szabádi, Högyész and Tarrós.
Murga
This was a secondary
Hessian settlement with Lutheran families coming primarily from Kalaznó and Roman
Catholic settlers from various German Roman Catholic communities. Both groups
were placed under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic priest in Zomba and
entries with regard to the Lutheran families will be found in those church records
up until the time of Edict of Toleration when the Lutherans in Murga became a
filial congregation of nearby Kéty that was a Lutheran Mother Church. There was
an illegal schoolmaster at work in Murga by 1778 who began the baptismal/birth
records of the congregation. There are also entries for families living in Zomba,
Kéty and Kistormás. All of the marriages for families in Murga can be found in
Kéty Lutheran records for the period after 1784. There were however some families
during the early period who sought out pastors in nearby Lutheran congregations
for marriages and baptisms and can be found in the records identified previously
above.
Nagyszekély
(Also known as Gross
Säckel)
This is the first and
largest of the German Reformed congregations in Swabian Turkey and was established
by Hessian Lutherans in 1719 who were soon vastly outnumbered by new arriving
Reformed Hessians. The Reformed Church here became one of the two Articular
(legal) Reformed churches in the County. The birth/baptismal records begin in
1722 and Lutheran families are also included and identified as well as Reformed
families from Simontornya, Gyönk, Udvári, Némedi, Alsó Pel and Kisszekély. There
is one major difficulty in that only the father’s name is usually given and there
are often numerous individuals with the same name especially Johann in every
generation in every family.
The marriage records also
begin in 1722 and in addition to local families they intermarried with families
from: Simontornya, Varsád, Kistormás, Kalaznó, Udvári, Gyönk, Vadkert, Kéty,
Felsö Mocsolád, Mórágy, Csikostöttös, Kötcse, Felsö Nána, Hidas, Keszö Hidegkút,
Zomba, Rác Kozar, Szárázd, Harta, Düzs, Ecsény, Hidas, Mucsi, Misla, Paks,
Belecska, Nikla, Kapoly, Bonyhád, Somogydöröcske and Bonnya.
Paks-on-the-Danube
This community served as
a river port on the Danube where agents from the local landlords and nobles of
Tolna County tried to recruit emigrants from the Imperial transports heading for
the Banat and sent them inland. Most of the emigrants from the German
principalities passed through here, although some of them remained there on a
short term basis or settled there permanently, especially those from Württemberg
and the Heidebauren from Western Hungary. The Roman Catholic Church records also
include numerous Lutheran and Reformed families beginning in 1721 both in terms of
baptisms and marriages.
The baptismal records
include families from neighbouring communities many of whom were Lutherans:
Bikács, Duna Komlod, Vadkert, Nádasd and Kis Harta. The Lutherans and Reformed
are not always identified as such, but many of the families have familiar names
associated with other Lutheran and Reformed settlements in the area.
There was also
intermarriage with families living in: Györköny, Bikács, Dunaföldvár,
Simontornya, Kis Harta, Duna Komlod, Tófü, Uzd, Dorog and Kér.
The Lutherans in Paks
were allowed to form a congregation in 1786 following the Edict of Toleration and
the baptismal records begin in 1786 as well as the marriage register.
Families from Paks also
intermarried with families from: Duna Pata, Kis Harta, Felsö Nána, Duna Szent
Gyorgy, Györköny, Pinkafeld, Lajos Komárom, Pincehely, Kalaznó, Kötcse, Bikács,
Bonyhád and Szent Miklos.
Szakadát
This Roman Catholic
parish served a large constituency of German communities including several
Lutheran villages that were placed under the jurisdiction of the priest in this
parish primarily Szárázd and Udvári and several others.
The birth/baptismal
records begin in 1737 and include Lutheran families and others in the nearby
communities of: Szárázd, Berény, Kölesd, Högyész, Udvári, Varsád, Kistormás,
Batászék, Kalaznó, Gyönk and Gerényes.
The marriage register
includes families from: Varsád, Szárázd, Berény, Udvári, Högyész, Kistormás,
Györköny, Nagyszekély, Düzs, Gyönk, Keszö Hidegkút, Závod, Felsö Nána, Kis Vejke,
Kalaznó, Tevel, Zsibrik, Simontornya, Tékes, Zomba, Kölesd, Kakasd, Hant, Kötcse,
Szárázd, Murga, Kis Székely, Nagocs, Izmény, Mekényes, Mucsi, Tolna,
Somogydöröcske, Gerényes, Bonyhád, Rác Kozar, Bely, Hájmas, Mórágy, Dorog and
Bátaapáti.
Sárszentlörinc
This was a major Hungarian Lutheran community
found by Pastor George Bárány and some Hungarian families from nearby Györköny in
the mid 1720s that also served some scattered German Lutheran families in the
vicinity especially Heidebauern. The baptismal and birth records begin in 1725
and include Lutheran families in Palfa, Kis Peter, Nagyszekély, Némedi, Kis
Székely, Borjád, Simontornya, Uzd, Rác Egres, Szarda Puszta and Budapest.
They intermarried with
Lutheran families from: Kölesd, Varsád, Bikács, Pálfa, Kis Székely, Kajdács,
Paks, Nagyszekély, Bátaapáti, Kis Dorog, Bonyhád, Kalaznó, Gyönk, Némedi, Udvári,
Bonnya, Uzd, Somogydöröcske, Felsö Nána, Rác Kozar, Medina, Cece, Simontornya,
Kistormás, Györköny, Izmény, Keszö Hidegkút, Belecska, Kis Harta, Tamasi and Paks.
Udvari
Some Lutheran families of
Hessian origin who left Nagyszekély in the 1730’s came and joined German Roman
Catholic settlers already living there. Later, Reformed Germans also moved into
the community and associated with the Nagyszekély congregation. The Lutherans and
Reformed were placed under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic parish of
Szakadát and early entries with regard to these families can be found there in
addition to some entries in the nearby Lutheran congregations of Gyönk and Varsád
and the Reformed congregation in Nagyszekély and some others on occasion. The
Lutheran congregation received official legal status by the Emperor in 1789 as a
filial of Varsád but the birth and baptismal records in Udvári begin in 1796 and
are duplicated in Varsád but some are missing. Those in Varsád begin in 1789.
These records also contain some references to families from Pel and Bikács.
The marriage records
begin in 1791 and families from the following communities intermarried with those
in Udvári: Bikács, Kölesd, Kistormás, Ecsény, Pel, Szárázd, Kalaznó, Gyönk,
Nagyszekély, Belecska, Vadkert, Miszla, Keszö Hidegkút and Varsád. After 1839 the
marriages can be found in the Varsád marriage register when the two congregations
formed a joint parish severed by a single pastor.
Varsad
This is the oldest
continuing Lutheran Danube Swabian community in the Habsburg Empire established in
1718 by German settlers from Hesse and Württemberg, but the vast majority were
Hessians. It was a Mother Church from its inception and included Kalaznó as a
filial early in its history.
The baptismal/birth
records begin in 1722 and also include families living in Kalaznó, Högyész, Keszö
Hidegkút, Felsö Nána, Zomba, Nagyszekély, Szakadát, Gyönk, Udvári, Kistormás,
Simontornya, Kölesd, Kéty, Szabádi and Szárázd.
The marriage register
indicates that Families from nearby communities intermarried or married here:
Kalaznó, Udvári, Högyész, Nagyszekély, Keszö Hidegkút, Kistormás, Zips, Majós,
Gyönk, Harta, Izmény, Szakadát, Hidas, Peterwardein, Felsö Nána, Mekényes,
Diósberény, Kéty, Kötcse, Bonyhád, Bikács, Miszla, Kismányok, Felsö Mocsolád,
Berény, Györköny, Bátaapáti, Kölesd, Somogydöröcske, Szár Szentlörinc, Szabádi,
Szárázd, Mucsfa, Medina, Murga, Ecsény, Belecska, Zomba, Dalmand, Gerényes and
Tab.
Zomba
The Roman Catholic parish
records begin in 1746 and include entries related to Lutheran and Reformed
families in the baptismal/birth records from nearby settlements including: Kéty,
Murga, Kistormás and Felsö Nána.
The marriage register
that begins in 1748 includes Lutheran and Reformed families living in: Kéty,
Murga, Kalaznó, Felsö Nána, Bonyhád, Mekényes, Varsád, Nagyszekély, Kistormás,
Hidas, Zsibrik, Tevel, Keszö Hidegkút, Mórágy, Izmény, Udvári, Majós, Kölesd,
Kahasd, Tófü, Gyönk, Högyész, Mucsi, Rác Kozar, Pincehely, Medina, Hant and Kis
Vejke.
Zsibrick
The Lutherans in this
community came from the other various Hessian villages in the County but were most
closely associated with Bátaapáti and references to families can be found in those
records. The marriage register in Zsibrik begins in 1793 and includes families
marrying into the community from: Hidas, Ófalu, Bátaapáti, Börzsóny, Bonyhád,
Alsónána, Kismányok, Szerdahely, Nagy Ág, Mórágy and Felsö Nána.
